Category Archives: Philosophy

Yoga Manifesto and Absolution

manifesto

I love it when students tell me that because of attending yoga classes they’ve become inspired to do some practice on their own at home. We’ve designed the yoga anywhere practice cards for that ex press reason.

I love it when yoga clicks with people and they want to attend yoga classes regularly and often.

And I love it when a keen student decides they want to teach yoga and embarks on yoga teacher training to get qualified.

But I also don’t mind if you have no interest in any of the above. I have multiple interests besides yoga. I find it stimulating to talk to people who follow the news, immerse themselves in culture, and are absorbed in academia, perhaps never having seen the inside of a yoga studio.

People assume that I live, eat and breathe yoga.

A friend said to me yesterday that I would be happy to know that ‘the siren of yoga was calling’ to him again. He’s had confirmation of a serious medical problem and is acutely aware of the need that he adopt a better well-being regime – a definite wake-up call, after having been an on-off practitioner over the years.

I received a FB message from another old student who said I would be happy to know he was starting back to yoga after a long hiatus because yoga was being offered to him at work.

Sometimes I  run into students on the street whom I haven’t seen in class for some time and they seem guilty or embarrassed. I’m here to tell you, I really don’t carry any grudges. Really.

I want to announce that I don’t mind if people come to class or not. I don’t mind if they stop practising for a long time.

Yoga is always there. It is forever. I find it supports me in many ways, but people will find that out for themselves in their own time. Or not.

 

 

Remedial Yoga in a Holistic Context

ViparitaKarani

In this morning’s yoga class there were six students: one with a pinched neck nerve, one with a strained rotator cuff, one with dodgy knees, one with an arthritic ankle and elbow tendonitis, one with a sore back, and one ‘normal’ (at least for the time being).

In looking at a group ‘remedially’, I saw a collection of ailments. Looking through the holistic lens of yoga, I saw students who are totally fit to practice yoga according to their ability.

For my money, I believe everyone should adapt yoga according to their individual needs and constitution. The teacher who uses this approach has more demands on her than if she were conducting a class where everyone is doing the same routine. It takes skill, knowledge and intuition to teach to individuals, and probably is best done in one-to-one sessions.

Not all can afford private lessons, so we teachers do our best to skill up so we can accommodate and give value to the students in public classes.

Here’s a few things that I’ve found helpful for teaching to individuals even in a mixed class:

  1. Student information. Have a complete, up-to-date form on each student.
  2. Attendance sheets. In a comment column, make any notes that will help you remember current injuries/conditions with which the student presents.
  3. Teamwork. Have a circle of practitioners you are acquainted with who you might suggest to the student if they need an interdisciplinary approach to a problem, i.e. doctors, acupuncturists, masseurs, physiotherapists. Some students may need a thorough assessment plus images.
  4. Professional development. Yoga teachers need to keep learning. If you are going to teach remedially you need to be qualified to do this. Practice what you learn on yourself first so the new knowledge has been consolidated before instructing others.
  5. Be inclusive. Students don’t like to be singled out in class for special treatment. Nevertheless, with sensitivity and diplomacy (and sometimes humour), you can allow the student to still feel part of the group.
  6. Yoga ethics. Practice these yoga ideals to keep yourself on the straight and narrow: ahimsa (non-injury), satya (truthfulness, brahmacharya (continence), samtosa (contentedness), isvara pranidhana (devotion)

When we teachers are mindful of the aim of yoga – the harmonious development of the whole person, that is body, mind and spirit – we are most likely teaching to our highest level of ability.

Practice Makes Pleasure

Source: yoga.in via Allied on Pinterest

 

I can tell when students in my classes have taken up doing home practice. I’m such an old hand at figuring this out that I can even guess at how many practices a week they do.

What is it that gives them away? Well, these students are continuously improving in their poses. How quickly they evolve is in direct relationship to how much personal practice they do.

Another thing is the high level of attention these yoga practitioners have when they attend classes. I can see their minds ticking over and mentally filing away individual poses to try on later or even the whole sequence of the class.

A great place to get the content for practising on your own is from your regular class(es). When I attended classes at the Iyengar Institute in Poona, we paid for and did six sessions a week over a month’s period. Then, as a bonus, you could pay a little more and do an extracurricular practice each day when the yoga room was populated with serious practitioners, as well as the Iyengar family and other teachers.

Mr. Iyengar would be watching like a hawk to see if what you’d been taught in the public classes translated to what you did in your own practice.

If your memory isn’t so great, rather than try to remember the whole class program, just take away a few poses that intrigue you, either because they are challenging or because they are novel.

The expression ‘practice makes perfect’ doesn’t necessarily fit with yoga philosophy. But a good outcome from the work you do on your own might be that your level of enjoyment and interest is such that ‘practice makes practice attractive’. Then, you’re truly hooked!

 

How Do You Say ‘Alert and Relaxed’ in Sanskrit?

 

Do you shut down in yoga class when your teacher uses Sanskrit words and concepts? Or, are you the opposite? You relish the opportunity to extend your learning about yoga, even to the point of assimilating an unfamiliar language.

Probably you stand in the middle; you don’t mind a smattering of the Sanskrit but not so much it keeps you in your head. That’s the position I occupied until last year when I decided – okay, I’ve been into yoga for 40-plus years – about bloody time I studied Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra.

I’m a late bloomer in so many ways; it’s one of the advantages of living a long life!

So, study I did and now that I’ve grasped some of the philosophy of yoga a la Mr. P. (as one of the students calls the Old Sage), I’m sharing what I’m learning in my classes. I even had the audacity to create a Patanjali study group, which has been meeting on Saturday afternoons.

Here are a couple of key concepts from Sutra II-46:

Sthira-sukham asanam

Asana must have the dual qualities of alertness and relaxation.

Various Patanjali interpreters have widely differing meanings for the above concepts. B.K.S. Iyengar is characteristically expressive in his comments in Light on the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali:

Whatever asana is performed, it should be done with a feeling of firmness, steadiness and endurance in the body; goodwill in the intelligence of the heart, and awareness and delight in the intelligence of the heart…. Performance of the asana should be nourishing and illuminative.

Oh my! How’s a yoga teacher supposed to convey all of that?

I was very heartened to hear from one of the study group students that she felt her yoga had transformed along the lines of sthira and sukha since she’d been attending my general classes.

Something’s working :)

 

A Sutra a Day: The Prize – Holistic Yoga

patanjali

Do you ever set off on a journey not knowing exactly where you’ll end up? Even when you embark on a what you think is a certain path, you still may not arrive at your imagined destination.

That can be a good outcome, a bad one, or simply what is.

When I started interacting with Patanjali on this blog – teasing out each of his tightly packed Sutra – I did it as an exercise in discipline. I made up my mind that at last, after 40-plus years of yoga practice, it was time for me to learn the stuff that underpins it.

Since May 14 of last year, I’ve been sitting down at this keyboard night after night with the Old Sage, studying various translations channeled by a host of yoga luminaries: T.K.V. Desikachar, B.K.S Iyengar, Georg Feuerstein, Satyananda Paramahamsa, and more. People even started donating the Patanjali tomes to me that they’d owned for years, had meant to study one day, but had never gotten around to it.

I found the ‘unpacking’ of some of the Sutra extremely daunting at times and I made myself stay with the process until the pesky threads gave way to unraveling. I’m quite sure my sometimes feeble efforts were like a pre-schooler doing her H.S.C. exams.

Now, in a typical human fashion (unlike a Realised Being), I feel rather sad that I’ve completed my project. I appreciate all the travellers who’ve stayed with me for the whole trip, and also those who just dropped in for a leg along the way.

Here are a few of the unexpected results of my nine months of dedication:

  1. A more holistic experience of yoga.
  2. The opportunity to share some of what I’ve learned with my students in the Patanjali study course I’m running at the moment.
  3. A new blog, aptly named ‘A Sutra a Day’.
  4. A book collection of ‘A Sutra a Day’ posts.

There’s a saying, ‘All endings equal new beginnings.’

What’s new for me? A daily pranayama and meditation practice. If there was one message that came through loud and clear from Patanjali, it’s that living a skilful life bubbles up out of the fount of meditation practice.

Please stay tuned for my reports :)

 

 

 

 

A Sutra a Day: IV-34 – Here Ends the Sutra of Patanjali

 

I’ve not been well today. A stomach complaint – severe cramping and slight nausea. Perhaps a dose of gastro or food poisoning? It could have been to do cleaning out a big mucky garden pot. Maybe something that is meant to live outside got inside me.

So here I am, all alone at home, while everyone in our household has gone to choir practice. I truly can’t remember having an evening alone for yonks. It’s exceptionally nice.

And, this is a special night too… the night when I present to you Patanjali’s last Sutra… the one that describes the final state of yoga.

What is it? T.K.V. Desikachar says it is:

‘…serenity in action as well as inaction. There is no sense of obligation, whether to take responsibility or to reject it. [The individual] is fully conscious of his own state of pure clarity and it remains at the highest level throughout his lifetime. The mind is a faithful servant to the master, the Perceiver.’

I’ll have a summing up in tomorrow’s post about my experience of trying to understand Patanjali, and hopefully a little surprise for you, too.

Purusarthasunyanam gunanam pratiprasavah kaivalyam svarupapratistha va citisaktirita

Freedom is at hand when the fundamental qualities of nature, each of their transformations witnessed at the moment of its inception, are recognised as irrelevant to pure awareness; it stands alone, grounded in its very nature, the empower of pure seeing.*

*The Yoga-Sutra of Patanjali, translation and commentary by Chip Hartranft.

A Sutra a Day: IV-32 – A Balancing Act

 

Yoga philosophy has a handy way to categorise elements of the material world. In Sanskrit there are three forces called gunas: tamas, which exhibits qualities of darkness, inertia, or heaviness; rajas, which equates with raw energy, passion, dynamism; and, sattva, which is defined as Being, clarity, or spiritual essence.

Objects can be characterised according to the above scheme, and so can human moods and personalities.

Think about it. At times you’ve probably felt yourself in a heavy mood, like a dark cloud is hanging over you (tamasic). At other times, you might feel restless, with your mind jumping all over the place (rajasic). Perhaps you’ve even been blessed with grace-moments of utter calm where you feel light and clear (sattvic).

When we are perceptive enough to notice what sort of energy is influencing our behaviour, we can adjust our yoga practice accordingly.

At the times we feel lethargic and heavy, then we need to move our energy with salutes to the sun, backbends, and strong pranayamas, for instance. If our energy is wiry and unsettled, we need to put ourselves on an even keel with a soothing practice of forward bends, restorative poses and yoga nidra.

When the sun shines on our practice, on those rare days when we are under the influence of sattva, we will feel both grounded (tamas) and passionate (ragas) in equal measure.  Traditional texts suggest, then, that this is the realization of our authentic Self.

Tatah krtarthanam parinamakrama-samaptirgunanam

With that is accomplished the termination of constant transmutation of the Gunas.*

*Patanjali’s Yogasutras, translation and commentary by T.K.V. Desikachar.

A Sutra a Day: IV-31 – “All is Known and Nothing is Known”

 

Have you ever heard of an exercise that’s done in personal development courses called “If you really knew me….”? It’s designed to create a greater depth of intimacy among the members of the group by sharing something of a personal nature. By opening up about a subject where there’s been fear or embarrassment attached to it, the speaker has an opportunity to let go and move on. And maybe even discover that they aren’t the only one.

When Daniel and I were walking on the beach today, something occurred to me to share that I’ve never mentioned in 20-plus years of knowing each other. A little thing, an obvious thing, but nevertheless never spoken. Now, I can tell you what it is: I can’t remember the lyrics and melodies to songs. I just can’t.

Daniel had to test me with some songs like ‘Eleanor Rigby’ and ‘Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds’, but I could only get the first line. Yes, I can sing ‘Happy Birthday’ and a very few other songs, but pretty much I’m a follower.

What interests me is how little we probably know about each other, even those of us in intimate relationships. Information that could be shared is perhaps considered too inconsequential, shameful or immodest to share, so is stuffed into a storage closet that might not be opened again.

Ultimately, does it matter?

Tada sarvavaranamalapetasya jnanasyanantyjjneyamalpam

When the mind is free from the clouds that prevent perception, all is known, there is nothing to be known.*

*Patanjali’s Yogasutras, translation and commentary by T.K.V. Desikachar.

A Sutra a Day: IV-30 – You’re the One to Set You Free

 

One of the students from my Patanjali study group has inspired me. He was talking about his week and how he struggled to free himself from making judgments about people. Another student set himself a goal of staying focussed as he did a bricklaying job, realising that it was only possible for him to stay  continuously attentive for the briefest of time.

We in the group have all been grappling with the basic Sutra that define yoga and are at its heart, such as, ‘yoga is to still the patterning of consciousness’.

The truth is that we are not likely be able to live a skilful life unless we understand our minds and bring them under control.

As I get near to the completion of my daily blogging with ‘Mr. P’ (as one student has nicknamed the Old Sage) – just four Sutra remaining after tonight – I can see the value in my pursuit.

I’ve had my time and energy at stake in looking for value in an ancient collection of aphorisms, even when, at times, I couldn’t understand the concepts. Something has come through which is the kernel of the teaching: meditation is to let all that isn’t you fall away.

Tatah kleshakarmanivrittih

Thereafter (arises) freedom from kleshas and karmas.*

*Four Chapters on Freedom, commentary on Yoga Sutras of Patanjali by Satyananda Paramahamsa.